Alcohol Solvents

Product Details:

• Chemical formula: H₂O₂

• Molar mass: 34.01 g/mol

• Appearance: Clear, colorless liquid (slightly more viscous than water)

• Odor: Slightly sharp, similar to ozone

• Taste: Bitter (though it should never be ingested)

• Density: ~1.45 g/cm³ (at 25 °C)

• Melting point: −0.43 °C

• Boiling point: 150.2 °C (decomposes before boiling)

• Oxidizing agent: Reacts easily with organic and inorganic compounds, releasing oxygen.

• Decomposes into water and oxygen (2H₂O₂ → 2H₂O + O₂), a reaction accelerated by heat, light, or catalysts like manganese dioxide (MnO₂).

• Acidic in nature: Weak acid (pKa ≈ 11.75).

Product Details:

• Chemical formula: C₃H₈O or CH₃CH₂CH₂OH

• Molecular weight: 60.10 g/mol

• Structure: Primary alcohol (hydroxyl group on the first carbon)

• Appearance: Clear, colorless liquid

• Odor: Alcohol-like, slightly musty

• Boiling point: 97.2 °C

• Melting point: −127 °C

• Density: 0.803 g/cm³ at 20 °C

• Solubility: Completely miscible with water, ethanol, ether, and most organic solvents

• Vapor pressure: ~20 mmHg at 20 °C

• Functional group: –OH (hydroxyl group)

• Reactivity:

  • Undergoes oxidation to propanal (aldehyde) and propanoic acid (carboxylic acid).

  • Forms esters with acids (e.g., n-propyl acetate).

  • Combustible — burns with a clean, blue flame to produce CO₂ and H₂O.

Product Details:

• Chemical name: 1-Butanol

• Common name: n-Butanol

• Chemical formula: C₄H₁₀O or CH₃(CH₂)₃OH

• Molecular weight: 74.12 g/mol

• Structure: Primary alcohol (–OH group attached to the first carbon in a four-carbon chain)

• Appearance: Colorless liquid

• Odor: Strong, characteristic alcohol-like odor

• Boiling point: 117.7 °C

• Melting point: −89.8 °C

• Density: 0.81 g/cm³ at 20 °C

• Solubility: Moderately soluble in water (7.9 g/100 mL at 20 °C); miscible with alcohols, ethers, and hydrocarbons

• Vapor pressure: ~6 mmHg at 20 °C

• Functional group: Hydroxyl (–OH)

• Reactivity:

  • Undergoes oxidation to form butanal and butanoic acid.

  • Combustible, producing CO₂ and H₂O.

  • Reacts with acids to form esters (e.g., n-butyl acetate).

• pKa: ~16 (weak acid)

• Solvent: In paints, coatings, varnishes, resins, and adhesives due to its good solvency and moderate evaporation rate.

• Chemical intermediate: For producing butyl acetate, butyl acrylate, and glycol ethers.

• Fuel and additive: Used as a biofuel component and gasoline additive.

• Laboratory reagent: For organic synthesis and extraction.

• Cosmetics and personal care: Used in small quantities as a solvent or viscosity modifier.

Product Details:

• Chemical name: Diethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether

• Common names: Butyl Carbitol, DEGBE

• Chemical formula: C₈H₁₈O₃

• Molecular weight: 162.23 g/mol

• Structure: HO–CH₂–CH₂–O–CH₂–CH₂–O–C₄H₉

• Appearance: Clear, colorless liquid

• Odor: Mild, characteristic ether-like odor

• Boiling point: ~231 °C

• Melting point: −76 °C

• Density: ~0.93 g/cm³ at 20 °C

• Solubility: Miscible with water and many organic solvents

• Functional groups: Ether and alcohol groups

• Reactivity:

  • Stable under normal conditions.

  • Compatible with many solvents and chemicals.

  • Resistant to hydrolysis and oxidation in typical use conditions.

• Solvent: For paints, coatings, inks, cleaning products, and adhesives.

• Cleaning agent: Used in industrial and household cleaners due to its ability to dissolve oils and greases.

• Coatings industry: Provides good flow and leveling properties.

• Printing inks: Enhances drying times and improves film formation.

• Chemical intermediate: In synthesis of other chemicals.